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UNITED STATESv PATENT OFFICE.

WM. C. GRIMES, OF YORK, PENNSYLVANIA.

SPARK-,ARBESTER Specication forming part of Letters Patent No. 2,455, dated February 12, 1842; Reissued December 25, 1855, No. 335.

To all whom t may concern: cular walls of the chamber, where they con- Be it known that I, WM. C. GRIMES, of tinue to rotate till consumed; or pass out York, in the county of York and State of through pro er openings into an exterior Pennsylvania, have invented a new and Im. chamber or c ambers.

proved Mode of Preventing the Escape of In the drawings annexed, which form Sparks or Ignited Particles from the Chimpart of this specification; Figure l, is a verneys of Locomotive-Engines; and Ido here-j tical section of the apparatus, cut through Aby declare that the following is a full and its center. Fig. 2, is a transverse section of exact description thereof. the same in the line a, a, of Fig. 1. Fig. 3,

To prevent the escape of coals, sparks or is a transverse section in the line b, b. 65 ignited particles with the gaseous products Similar letters refer to similar parts in discharged from the chimneys of locomotive all the figures. engines, various methods have been essayed; I construct the chamber A, A, in which but screens of woven wire, or finely perfothe current is made to revolve; usually of a l5 rated plates have been most generally adaptcylindrical form, and so connect it with a 70 ed, and found to answer best in practice. pipe or chimney B,*of the common struc- This method however is obviously defective, ture,*or to form a concentric enlargement in as much as a mere screen cannot be made of the same. Within and concentric with to retain sparks of a diameter, much,-if the chamber A is placed another chamber any-less than its meshes or perforations; C, similar in proportions, but much less in 75 which, to prevent their becoming choked dimensions; this last forms, as it were, a with soot or other matter are necessarily of part, or continuation of the chimney proper;

a size that allows of their emitting a dangerthis chamber is closed at the top, while its ous shower of ignited particles. Hence it is walls consist of a series of curved slots D, D,

'45 manifest that the object can never be fully forming a succession of tangential openings 80 accomplished without the application of E, E, through which the current passes from some principle which shall constantly tend the chimney or smaller chamber C, to the to separate the sparks and particles, irrelarger, in a tangential direction, hence its spective of their dimensions, from the rotation within the same.

gaseous current before it reaches the point The chamber in which the current re- 85 of discharge. Three known principles of volves is partially closed at the top by a nature, viz, momentum, gravitation, and disk, F, F, through the center of which is centrifugal force, may be applied to this formed a circular opening-for the `dispurpose; two of these, momentum, and. charge of the gaseous current,-about one gravitation have severally been essayed; half the diameter of the chamber. To ar- 90 but with unfavorable results; the influence rest the rotation of the current immediately of the former being but momentary; while over the chamber C, and produce a central that of the latter is too small to be available upward current ,-around which a portion where particles so light are acted upon by a of the gaseous matter and the Sparks concurrent so strong. It is therefore by centriftinue to revolve. I place a series of vert-iugal force only, that a constant and elfical plates, G, G, radiating from the center ciently intense influence over particles so of the chamber and extending upward to light, can be obtained. And it is my pethe central opening in the disk. The eX- culiar application of this principle, to this treme ends of these plates are slightly purpose that constitutes my invention as curved in a direction the reverse of the hereinafter described. curved slats below, and lie4 within a circle My apparatus consists of a circular chamequal in diameter to the chamber C, or ber of sultable capacity, wherein the gaseous opening in the disk above.

current and sparks are made rapidly to re- H and I are cones which are intended to volve by passing into the same in a tanaid or facilitate the change of direction in gential or oblique direction, so that the more the current the one above and the other violent the current, so also will be the intenwithin the chamber C.

sity of centrifugal force; which carries the To prevent the accumulation of sparks in sparks and all other matter heavier t-han the the chamber of rotation, A, A, two or more gases evolved, out to and against the cirslits or narrow openings, J, J, are made in the Walls of the same, through which the sparks and particles are thrown off into small exterior chambers, or channels, K, K, from whence they fall down into the receptacle, L, L. From the latter I sometimes convey a pipe M, down into the smoke box N, or the pipe may be extended downward outside the boiler and left to discharge upon the ground.

It will be perceived that as the sparks and particles have a rapid rotation within the chamber, A, they are necessarily kept out against its walls or are thrown oil' through the openings J J, in the same, while the gaseous current only can reach and pass off at the central opening.

Having thus fully shown and set forth the principle, structure, and operation of my invention, I would have it understood that I do not intend to confine or limit myself to the precise form of the above structure but intend to vary the same so long as the principle of action remains unchanged.

What I claim as new, and as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1s- The mode of separating sparks and other particles of matter from the gaseous cur rent discharged from locomotive or other chimneys, in the manner set forth, or in any other, substantially the same,-that is to say, by passing the current from a central chamber through tangential openings, into a larger circular chamber around them; wherein the sparks and particles are retained by centrifugal force, and revolve till they are consumed, or are passed out through proper openings as through J, J, into exterior chambers, made for that purpose.

WM. C. GRIMES.

Witnesses:

THos. P. J oNEs, WM. BISHOP.

Disclaimer.

The petition of E. R. BENNETT, JAMES RADLEY, and JOHN W. HUNTER, all of the city, county and State of New York, re-

have by several assignments duly recorded in the Patent Oflice become the joint owners of the rights secured by certain Letters Patent granted to WILLIAM C. GRIMEs, dated February 12, 1842, for au improvement in spark arresters, that they have reason to believe that through inadvertence and mistake theA claim made in the specification of said Letters Patent in the following words is too broad: What I claim as new, and as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is the mode 4of separating sparks and other particles of matter from the gaseous current discharge from locomotive or other chimneys in the manner set forth; or in any other substantially the same. That is to say, by passing the current from a central chamber, through tangential openings into a larger circular chamber around them, wherein the sparks and particles are retained by centrifugal force, and revolve till they are consumed, or are passed out through proper openings as through J, J, into exterior chambers made for that purpose.

Your petitioners therefore enter their disclaimer to so much of the said claim as includes the separation of sparks by means of centrifugal force or by means of tangential chutes when such separation is not effected by means of the combined operation of a central chamber, a series o central tangential openings and a larger circular chamber furnished with a series of openings J, J, into exterior chambers, said openings being so arranged as to extend throughout or nearly throughout the vertical extent of the walls of such larger chamber.

This disclaimer is to operate to the extent of the interest in said Letters Patent vested in your petitioners whohave paid into the Treasury of the United States the sum of ten dollars agreeably to the requirements of the act of Congress in that case made and provided.

E. R. BENNETT. JAMES RADLEY. J. W. HUNTER.

'Vitnesses ROBERT REID,

spectfully represents that your petitioners [FIRST PRINTED 1913.]

JAMES T. RADLEY. 

